Integration of Local communities in the conservation of Garcinia kola Heckel in Mintom, a periphery of the Dja Biosphere Reserve

Joëlle Doumtsop Keanyem

Garcinia kola Heckel is a highly demanded species, classified as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. The species faces threats from overexploitation, deforestation, habitat loss, urbanization, and destructive harvesting techniques. These techniques include the complete stripping of bark from the base of the trunk to the first branches, which invariably leads to the death of the tree. Coupled with a lack of restoration strategies, these pressures place the species at risk of extinction (Abbiw, 1990; Gyimah, 2000; IUCN, 2004).

The project, titled "Integrating Local Communities in the Conservation of Garcinia kola Heckel in Mintom, a Periphery of the Dja Biosphere Reserve," seeks to preserve the species through the engagement of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs).

The initiative aims to raise awareness on multiple fronts by distributing flyers, displaying posters, conducting focus group discussions with those involved in the species' unsustainable management, and installing informative signage. These activities are designed to educate locals on the environmental and livelihood importance of G. kola. The project will also train IPLCs in sustainable harvesting techniques, covering topics such as timing, methods for partial bark removal, appropriate quantities, the application of protective treatments, and the distribution of guideline manuals to reduce tree mortality. Practical sessions and demonstrations will be conducted to ensure skill retention.

Additionally, the project will promote domestication by establishing local nurseries to propagate Garcinia kola from stem cuttings, thereby reducing pressure on wild populations. Lastly, a socio-economic survey will be conducted to document the species' role in local economies, health, and culture. The resulting data will inform conservation strategies and policy recommendations, ensuring they are aligned with community needs.

Expected Outcomes:
• A comprehensive assessment of the socio-economic impact of the Garcinia kola trade in Mintom.
• Increased interest and community engagement in Garcinia kola conservation efforts.
• IPLCs acquire practical skills for implementing sustainable harvesting methods.
• The establishment of a functional nursery to support domestication and reforestation.

Through these collaborative efforts, the project aims to cultivate long-term conservation values among the indigenous populations and surrounding rural communities on the periphery of the Dja Reserve.

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