Sayani Saha
Human–elephant conflict (HEC) is a significant conservation and socio-economic challenge in India, particularly in the Terai-Dooars region of northern West Bengal, which includes the Buxa Tiger Reserve. Rapid habitat fragmentation and loss have led to increased encounters between humans and elephants, resulting in crop damage, property destruction, and loss of life on both sides. Farmers and local communities living adjacent to protected areas of Buxa Tiger Reserve have continued to suffer huge losses due to elephant attacks.
Wild elephants foraging in the Nimti–Chilapata Corridor. © Sayani Saha.
The local communities around Buxa Tiger Reserve rely on small-scale agriculture for their livelihoods, with rice cultivation as a primary income source. Addressing HEC is crucial for the well-being of these communities and the conservation of elephant populations. Involving farmers in data collection through a citizen science approach, this project empowers them to actively participate in developing solutions. The AI-driven analysis of satellite imagery will provide real-time insights into crop phenology and potential elephant movement patterns, enabling targeted interventions to prevent conflicts. However, higher-yielding rice plots, particularly those using the System of Rice Intensification (SRI), may attract more elephants, increasing the risk of crop raiding and economic losses.
By involving women farmers in daily monitoring and an alert system, communities can prepare in advance with non-lethal deterrent methods, reducing crop damage. Encouraging women’s leadership and participation not only strengthens resilience during peak conflict periods but also enhances food security and empowerment. The initiative promotes coexistence between communities and wildlife by enhancing early warning systems and data-driven decision-making.
